JPEG Encoder using Discrete Cosine Transform & Inverse Discrete Cosine Transform

In the past decade, the advancement in data communications was significant during explosive growth of the Internet, which led to the demand for using multimedia in portable devices. Video and Audio data streams require a huge amount of bandwidth to be transferred in an uncompressed form. The objective of this paper is to minimize the number of bits required to represent an image and also the accuracy of discrete interpolation by using DCT. Here we followed JPEG standard for compression by using DCT because of its energy compaction property. The original image is taken through a series of steps, which include initial input, DCT, Quantization and Encoding. For different quality factors, the compression ratios were also calculated.